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'專業咖啡師交流 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style ) 咖啡走入人們的日常生活已經一百多年,到了今日迎來第三波咖啡革命。第三波咖啡革命屬於精品咖啡的天下,從栽種、加工到衝煮,所有過程都要追求最高品質。而知識分子咖啡分店數雖不多,卻有著超乎想' |
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'<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/170831/3-1FS119345B55.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 360px;" /><br />
<span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微軟雅黑, 黑體, Arial; font-size: 14px;">專業咖啡師交流 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style )</span><br />
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<div>
咖啡走入人們的日常生活已經一百多年,到了今日迎來第三波咖啡革命。第三波咖啡革命屬於精品咖啡的天下,從栽種、加工到衝煮,所有過程都要追求最高品質。而知識分子咖啡分店數雖不多,卻有著超乎想像的影響力!</div>
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知識分子咖啡的咖啡師練習比賽的模樣。©Intelligentsia Coffee all right</div>
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1850年,咖啡初次以粉末型態在美國登場,讓咖啡不再只是專屬於布爾喬亞的奢侈品,平凡家庭也有機會享受咖啡的美味。進入20世紀之後,隨著兩次世界大戰的結束,即溶咖啡成爲咖啡進軍大衆化市場的契機,咖啡正式成爲大衆文化的一部分。就這樣,咖啡走入人們的日常生活已經一百多年,咖啡在這一百多年間發生了三次重大的變化。</div>
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《第三波咖啡革命的中心》</div>
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第一波咖啡革命是家庭用的即溶咖啡,接著第二波是1960年代阿弗列德皮茲(Alfred Peets)使用濃縮咖啡爲基底製作出各式各樣的風味咖啡(花式咖啡,variation),這些風味咖啡在他的咖啡店皮茲咖啡(Peets’ Coffee)首次與世人見面後立刻受到了廣大的喜愛。他決定性的創舉提升了營業用咖啡的品質,5年之後星巴克誕生,一步一步地趕上皮茲咖啡並躍上世界舞臺,成爲國際最具知名度的連鎖咖啡店。星巴克爲了維持咖啡品質的一致,採用深度烘焙(dark roasting)的方式,提供大量製造但表現不失水平的咖啡,咖啡店再也不只是喝咖啡的地方,而是人們共享生活與孕育文化的空間,商業化生產給了咖啡店新的定義。</div>
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到了今日,咖啡文化再次迎來新的紀元-“第三波咖啡革命”(the Third Wave of Coffee)。第三波咖啡革命屬於精品咖啡的天下,這一波潮流不再一味追求大量生產,而是從栽種、加工到衝煮所有的過程都要追求最高的品質。這個漣漪的中心點正是“美國三大烘豆坊”,其中包括:包括樹墩城咖啡(Stumptown Coffee Roasters)、反文化咖啡(Counter Culture Coffee)和知識分子咖啡(Intelligentsia Coffee),他們引領著這場以美國爲起點並擴及全世界咖啡市場的革命。</div>
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三個業者之中,知識分子咖啡雖然只有10家左右的分店,卻有著超乎想像的影響力。知識分子咖啡剛開始直接與咖啡產地進行直接貿易時,分店數更少,這麼小規模的公司如今成爲產業革命的代表性業者,很難不令人對它產生好奇。</div>
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知識分子咖啡的員工們。©Intelligentsia Coffee all rights reser</div>
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《開始生豆的直接貿易》</div>
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知識分子咖啡採購生豆的方式獨樹一格。幾年前,一家獨立咖啡店想要跟生豆產地直接採購生豆幾乎可以說是不可能的事。受到時間和金錢的制約,唯一的方式就只有透過代理業者採購。不過這樣的方式對生產者和購買者有許多不利之處,因爲產業的結構性問題,整體來說農夫和生產者除了依賴中間業者別無他法,中間業者利用兩者間資訊傳達的隔閡牟取暴利已經行之有年,農夫們只能不斷削減售價以維持生豆的市場競爭力,購買者則經常高價購入品質沒有通過檢驗的生豆。</div>
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這個弊病讓道格決心要打破慣例,親自到產地採購生豆。道格開始了生豆的直接貿易時,知識分子咖啡創立才創立不久,尚未站穩腳步,不過道格並未因此放棄,苦撐了數年,終於在2003年初,成功簽下第一紙直接貿易的合約,2008年開始大量直接引進生豆。現在,有20餘家咖啡莊園與他們維持著穩定密切的直接合作關係,其中數家莊園皆爲獨佔交易。</div>
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直接貿易保障了農夫的收入,讓農夫能夠更從容專注於提升作物的品質,不再苦無生計。公司持續成長的同時,能夠保障品質優良的作物量並幫助有困難的咖啡莊園,道格感到非常開心,他希望將來能有愈來愈多的人懂得欣賞精品咖啡。</div>
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知識分子咖啡的咖啡車。©Intelligentsia Coffee all rights reser</div>
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《一對一的點餐服務》</div>
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除了咖啡,知識分子咖啡供餐的方式也與一般咖啡店不一樣。以威尼斯分店爲例,咖啡吧的每一面都有一個作業空間,可供兩到三位的咖啡師同時作業。顧客在收銀臺結帳後,等到自己的順序就可以到咖啡吧向咖啡師點餐,類似我們平常去銀行時等待叫號的方式。在這裏,等待的隊伍排到門外是常有的事,要是遇到尖峯時刻,就要有等待30分鐘以上的心理準備。威尼斯分店有9位咖啡師跟4位咖啡師副手,還有3位清潔人員。</div>
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威尼斯分店的空間設計選擇以咖啡師爲中心,雖然對於部分客人來說可能會有點不適應,但如果以咖啡師作業的方便度爲優先考量,自然就能購提供給顧客最完美的咖啡,反過來想,或許這正是知識分子咖啡重視顧客的貼心表現吧。</div>
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本文選自La Vie出版書籍《精品咖啡創業學》</div>
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'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '13',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}/{M}{D}/{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '320',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-zixun/waiguokafeixinxi.html',
'total' => 13,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
323 =>
array (
'id' => '323',
'pid' => '2',
'pids' => '0,1,2',
'name' => '7月資訊',
'dirname' => '7yuezixun',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/zixun/',
'child' => 0,
'childids' => 323,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '[第{page}頁{join}]{catpname}{join}{modname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '1',
'namerule' => '{typedir}{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '323',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-7yuezixun.html',
'total' => 1,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
) |
urlrule |
'/views-108781-[page].html' |
fix_html_now_url |
'' |
my_web_url |
'https://php168.gafei.com/views-108781' |
get |
array (
's' => 'article',
'c' => 'show',
'id' => '108781',
'm' => 'index',
) |